ARAPUNI DAM ENHANCEMENT PROJECT

ROAD CLOSURE


Detour route

Arapuni Road across the dam will be closed from Tuesday, 1 September 2026, for 24-36 months. A one-lane detour route will open, managed by traffic lights, along Powerhouse Road.

The purpose of the detour is to continue to let local communities connect for work purposes, to attend schools, for people who have farms and need to use small vehicles to travel to properties on either side of the dam.

Freight/heavy commercial vehicles and long-distance travel should use state highway routes.

For safety, we will close the western end of the swing bridge where it connects to Powerhouse Road. 

We have made changes to Powerhouse Road so it is safe for Waikato River Trail users and safe to use as a detour route when the main works start.

The Arapuni Hydro Dam

The Arapuni Hydro Dam is operated by Mercury and forms an essential part of the Waikato Hydro System, which provides about 10% of Aotearoa New Zealand’s electricity. The Arapuni Hydro Dam and nearby Arapuni Hydro Station began operating in 1929. As the first high dam on the Waikato River, it is recognised for its engineering significance and is a listed historic heritage item.
The hydro station’s eight turbines have an installed capacity of 196MW, generating up to 805GWH per year, that’s enough to power about 100,000 average homes with renewable energy. 

Explore general information about the Arapuni Hydro Station.


aerial shot of Arapuni dam

The jet grouting trial work site was set up on the left abutment from July-September, at the Arapuni Hydro Dam.


Project overview 

An engineering study shows the Arapuni Hydro Dam is safe and fit for everyday use, but work needs to be done to improve the left abutment to protect it from the risk of water seepage. Seepage happens when very small amounts of water soak around the dam abutment. A controlled amount is expected and needs to be managed, but over time too much seepage will result in increased pressures and a risk of internal erosion.

Watch our video explaining how a seepage cutoff wall works.

We have assessed options to install a seepage cutoff wall in the left abutment; this is a concrete barrier that prevents seepage. We have also been working on geotechnical assessments which will help inform the work design and construction of the cutoff wall.   

Since mid-2024, we’ve been in discussions with our iwi partners, Raukawa, Ngaati Koroki Kahukura and Ngaati Hauaa, as well as the South Waikato District Council, Waikato Regional Council, Waipā District Council and other key stakeholders to understand the impacts of the work we have planned for the dam. We have kept the community informed as we developed our plans and we will continue to update everyone as the project progresses. 

Download our project explainer.

Project background

The Arapuni Dam is the oldest Mercury dam (in operation). It was built between 1924 and 1929 and was the first government-built high dam on the Waikato River.

The dam has had remediation treatment for leakage, dating back to its construction. Following the first lake fill in 1930, significant seepage of water traveling through the left abutment from the headrace to the dam face was observed. The lake was lowered, and seepage controls were retrofitted.

Arapuni Dam in 1927

Arapuni Dam 1927 02

The Arapuni Hydro Power Station was constructed between 1924 and 1929.


Aerial view of Arapuni Dam looking north with machinery on the bridge during the mid-2000s works


Major remediation work was completed on the dam in the mid-2000s.


Mid-2000s works

Over the life of the dam there have been several improvements made to the seepage controls, with the most recent in mid-2000s.

This involved remediation work to construct a concrete cut-off wall under the dam, without disrupting power generation or causing environmental damage. This was a pioneering effort in the field of dam engineering.

Watch how earlier work helped manage seepage at Arapuni Dam.

The project won multiple engineering awards, including the Shell Environmental Excellence Merit Award in 2007 and the New Zealand Engineering Excellence Award in 2008. The work was recognised for its innovative approach to dam remediation while maintaining operations and minimising environmental impact.

The project was led by an alliance group comprising Mighty River Power (now Mercury), Brian Perry Civil and Trevi Group, a specialist in underground engineering. The three have reformed to work together on the remediation of the left abutment at the Arapuni Dam.


Arapuni Project Zone

The left abutment of the dam is where our current remediation work will be focused. 


Early works, 2024-2025

Ongoing monitoring indicates that the remediation work completed in the mid-2000s was extremely effective. However, seepage changes were identified in the left abutment following two distant earthquakes in 2016.

In 2024, we began investigating options to install a seepage cutoff wall in the left abutment, as a modern equivalent to manage the seepage.

In 2025, we began early  works which involved relocating existing subsurface sensors and installing new ones to help us understand what’s happening in the left abutment. We now have more than 200 subsurface sensors providing real-time data. This information will help us respond to any changes in the left abutment as we carry out the main works programme.


Jet grouting trial

We completed a jet grouting trial from July to September 2025.

This is a soil improvement technique used to strengthen and stabilise the ground. It has been used in several hydro dam remediation projects around the world. During September and October, we studied the results of the trial which helped inform and plan the main works for 2026. 

Download our info sheet on jet grouting.


Relief drainage

We started a relief drainage programme in January 2026 and completed it in August 2026.

Hydro dams hold back large volumes of water, which exerts significant pressure on the dam structure and the surrounding geology. Relief drainage is used to help reduce pore water pressure in the dam foundation and abutments and prevent uplift pressure that could destabilise the dam base.  

Watch our video on the relief drainage programme.


Main works

We submitted a business case to our board which was approved in late 2025. We have finalised the main works timeline and we will start construction on 1 September 2026.

Timeline


Milestones

SEPTEMBER 2026 NEWSLETTER

VIEW NEWSLETTER

APRIL 2026 NEWSLETTER

DECEMBER 2025 NEWSLETTER

JULY 2025 NEWSLETTER

APRIL 2025 NEWSLETTER

DECEMBER 2024 NEWSLETTER

Frequently Asked Questions